Understanding Executive Function After Brain Injury
Executive function refers to a set of mental skills that help you manage time, focus attention, switch tasks, and make decisions. After a brain injury, many people experience challenges in these areas—but with understanding and support, these difficulties can be managed.
What Is Executive Function?
Executive function is like your brain’s management system. It includes skills such as:
- Planning and organizing
- Remembering details
- Staying focused
- Controlling emotions and impulses
- Adjusting to changes or new tasks
When these abilities are disrupted after a brain injury, everyday activities can become harder.
Signs of Executive Function Difficulties
You or someone you care for may notice:
- Trouble starting or finishing tasks
- Difficulty following multi-step instructions
- Forgetting what was just said or what needs to happen next
- Impulsive decisions or emotional outbursts
- Disorganization or losing track of time
Strategies to Support Executive Function
- Break tasks into small steps: One thing at a time is easier to manage.
- Use checklists or visual guides: These help track progress and reduce overwhelm.
- Create structured routines: Consistency helps build habits and reduce mental effort.
- Use timers or alarms: These help with time management and task switching.
- Minimize distractions: Reduce noise, clutter, or multitasking to stay focused.
- Practice self-kindness: Be patient and celebrate every step forward.
A Note for Carers and Family
Understanding executive function challenges can help reduce frustration. Offering gentle reminders, helping with organization, and encouraging rest can make a big difference.
Visit our Downloadable Resources for practical tools that support executive function, including planners and task organizers.